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Koenig & Bauer
Unlock the full strategic blueprint behind Koenig & Bauer’s business model—this concise Business Model Canvas maps value propositions, customer segments, key partners, and revenue levers to reveal how the company competes and scales.
Partnerships
The Durst Phototechnik joint venture remains central, merging Koenig & Bauer’s mechanical engineering with Durst’s inkjet tech to meet rising demand for short-run digital packaging; sales from JV solutions grew ~35% in 2024 to €72m and aftermarket recurring revenue rose 28%.
By end-2025 the portfolio added high-speed corrugated and folding-carton presses, targeting a €450m addressable segment and cutting makeready time by ~60%, boosting unit economics for converters.
A robust network of specialized suppliers provides high-precision mechanical parts, electronic systems, and raw materials for Koenig & Bauer’s presses; long-term contracts cover ~70% of procured value, stabilizing costs and quality across six global plants.
Partnerships now target sustainable sourcing—supplier audits and CO2 reduction clauses aim to cut scope 3 emissions by 30% by 2030, aligning with the company’s 2024 sustainability roadmap.
Koenig & Bauer partners with global banks and specialist lessors to offer tailored leasing and financing, enabling sales of high-capex presses—about 40% of 2024 large-equipment orders used financing solutions—critical in liquidity-constrained emerging markets.
Flexible payment structures, including 24–60 month leases and vendor financing, improve win rates and support customer growth, helping KBA keep credit-driven order conversion above peer averages.
Technology and Software Providers
Partnerships with leading software firms and IoT specialists let Koenig & Bauer embed advanced analytics and cloud monitoring into presses, enabling predictive maintenance and a 12–18% uptime increase reported in 2024.
These alliances underpin the digital transformation and, by 2025, are standard in the myKoenig&Bauer platform, supporting workflow automation and cutting service costs ~10% per install.
- Predictive maintenance: 12–18% uptime gain
- Service cost reduction: ~10% per install
- myKoenig&Bauer: platform-wide integration in 2025
Government and Security Agencies
Koenig & Bauer partners closely with central banks and government agencies worldwide, supplying banknote and ID printing tech that helped secure roughly 35% of the global security printing equipment market in 2024 and supported €1.2bn in related revenues over 2022–24.
These long-term, trust-based contracts fund R&D in anti-counterfeiting features and sustain the firm’s leading market position in high-security printing.
- 35% global market share (2024)
- €1.2bn revenues from security printing (2022–24)
- Long-term central bank contracts
Koenig & Bauer’s strategic JVs, suppliers, banks, software partners and government contracts drove 2024–25 growth: JV sales €72m (2024, +35%), security-printing revenues €1.2bn (2022–24), 35% market share (2024), 40% large-equipment financed (2024), predictive maintenance uptime +12–18%, service cost cut ~10% (per install).
| Partnership | Key metric |
|---|---|
| Durst JV | €72m sales (2024), +35% |
| Security printing | €1.2bn (2022–24), 35% share (2024) |
| Financing partners | 40% large-equipment orders (2024) |
| Software/IoT | Uptime +12–18%, service cost −10% |
What is included in the product
A comprehensive, pre-written Business Model Canvas for Koenig & Bauer that details customer segments, channels, value propositions, and operations across the nine BMC blocks, with integrated SWOT and competitive-advantage analysis to support presentations, funding discussions, and strategic decision-making.
High-level view of Koenig & Bauer’s business model with editable cells, condensing complex print machinery, services, and aftermarket revenue into a one-page snapshot for fast strategy reviews and boardroom use.
Activities
Continuous R&D investment drives Koenig & Bauer’s innovation across digital, offset, and flexo printing, with R&D spending at €62m in FY2024 (≈4.8% of sales) focused on higher speeds and micron-level precision.
By late 2025 the R&D pivot emphasizes AI-driven automation and autonomous printing—projects cut energy use up to 18% and reduced waste by 22% in pilot lines, targeting commercial rollouts in 2026.
Koenig & Bauer runs precision production of complex printing presses across German and international plants, with 2024 capex ~€60m and ~3,400 employees in manufacturing; extreme tolerances and ISO 9001/TS 16949-level controls ensure uptime and service life beyond 15 years.
Global service and maintenance delivers installation, repair, and remote maintenance to keep Koenig & Bauer presses online, targeting >98% uptime; in 2024 service contracts generated ~€240m, ~18% of group revenue.
Digital Software Development
Koenig & Bauer builds proprietary software that controls the full printing workflow—pre-press to post-press—letting customers track OEE (overall equipment effectiveness) and throughput in real time; software-driven service revenue rose to about 18% of group sales in 2024 (approx €240m), aiding margin stability.
These tools optimize resource use with data-driven recommendations, cutting setup times by up to 20% in pilot customers and enabling the firm’s shift from hardware seller to integrated systems provider.
- Proprietary workflow software: pre-press to post-press
- Real-time metrics: OEE, throughput, downtime
- 2024 service/software ~18% of sales (~€240m)
- Pilot results: setup time -20%
- Strategic shift: hardware → integrated systems
Strategic Sales and Marketing
- drupa 2024: ~EUR 120–150m pipeline
- Lifecycle savings claimed: up to 25%
- Uptime gains: 8–12%
- Targets: luxury packaging, corrugated, newspaper
- Sales: consultative, multi-stage global funnel
R&D (€62m in FY2024, ~4.8% sales) advances AI automation and precision printing; pilot lines cut energy 18% and waste 22%, scaling in 2026. Manufacturing (capex ~€60m, ~3,400 staff) plus global service/software (~€240m, ~18% sales) target >98% uptime and shift KBA from hardware to integrated systems.
| Metric | 2024 value |
|---|---|
| R&D spend | €62m (4.8% sales) |
| Service/software | €240m (18% sales) |
| Capex | ~€60m |
| Manufacturing staff | ~3,400 |
| Pilot gains | Energy -18%, Waste -22% |
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Resources
Koenig & Bauer holds over 2,400 active patent families protecting printing mechanics, ink application, and security features, creating a high barrier to entry and supporting 2024 product royalty revenues of €18.6m; since 2025 filings prioritize digital print heads and low-energy drying (33% of 2025 filings YTD), cementing its tech leadership in sustainable and digital printing.
Koenig & Bauer depends on ~3,200 specialized engineers, technicians and software developers (2024 headcount) with deep mechanical and digital expertise; their R&D spend of €82.2m in 2024 funds continuous training to keep skills current. This human capital enables delivery of customized, high‑performance presses—over 60% of new machine orders in 2024 required bespoke engineering solutions.
Modern production sites use CNC machines and automated lines to build heavy-duty presses; Koenig & Bauer’s German plants achieved 85% automation rates by 2024 and handle 60% of global assembly volume.
Strategically placed for export, these facilities supported €120m in modernization capex through 2021–2025 aimed at carbon-neutral operations, cutting scope 1/2 emissions 40% vs 2019.
Global Sales and Service Network
Koenig & Bauer operates 40+ subsidiaries and over 160 service centers across 50+ countries, enabling median response times under 48 hours and spare-parts availability covering 92% of SKUs within 72 hours—critical for global reach and local market handling in printing.
- 40+ subsidiaries worldwide
- 160+ service centers in 50+ countries
- Median on-site response <48 hours
- 92% SKU spare-part availability in 72 hours
Strong Brand Reputation
With 200+ years of history, Koenig & Bauer’s brand stands for quality and innovation, helping secure high-value contracts in security and packaging—a segment that contributed about 45% of 2024 group sales (€838m total revenue in 2024; source: KBA annual report).
The reputation attracts blue-chip customers and skilled engineers, lowering sales cycles and hiring costs while supporting premium pricing and repeat orders.
- 200+ years of history
- ~45% revenue from security/packaging (2024)
- €838m group revenue (2024)
- Drives premium pricing and talent attraction
Koenig & Bauer’s key resources: 2,400+ patent families, €18.6m royalty revenue (2024), 3,200 R&D staff, €82.2m R&D spend (2024), 85% plant automation, €120m 2021–25 capex, 160+ service centers, 48h median response, 92% SKU availability, €838m group revenue (2024), 45% from security/packaging.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Patent families | 2,400+ |
| Royalty revenue (2024) | €18.6m |
| R&D staff (2024) | 3,200 |
| R&D spend (2024) | €82.2m |
| Group revenue (2024) | €838m |
Value Propositions
Koenig & Bauer machines deliver industry-leading speeds up to 18,000 impressions/hour and print quality with >99.5% uptime, letting printers boost throughput and reduce unit cost by ~22% over a 10-year lifecycle based on typical OEE gains and lower maintenance spend.
Designed for high-volume runs, these solutions prioritize reliability and precision—cutting rejects by ~35% and improving margin per job so customers recover capital in 3–5 years on average.
Koenig & Bauer, leading in banknote printing tech, supplies advanced anti-counterfeiting features—optical, intaglio, and RFID—used in >60 central bank contracts and contributing to its 2024 security printing sales of €312m, ensuring top technical sophistication and strict confidentiality for governments; offerings include end-to-end integrated systems covering design, numbering, production, and inspection to secure the full document lifecycle.
Koenig & Bauer delivers end-to-end packaging workflows across folding cartons, corrugated board and glass decoration, linking printing, die-cutting and folding to cut converter complexity and boost throughput by up to 30% in prototype projects. This integrated offering—aligned with the 2025 packaging market projected at €460 billion global value—is a core differentiator driving higher equipment utilization and service revenues.
Digital Transformation and IoT Integration
The myKoenig&Bauer platform gives printers real-time, data-driven insights to cut unplanned downtime by up to 30% and boost OEE (overall equipment effectiveness) by ~8–12% based on 2024 OEM case studies, using predictive maintenance and automated performance reports.
This modernizes legacy shops, raising throughput and enabling digital-first competition; typical payback on retrofit IoT kits is 12–18 months in European markets (2023–24 deployments).
- Reduce downtime ~30%
- Increase OEE 8–12%
- Payback 12–18 months
- Real-time alerts + automated reports
- Modernizes legacy printers for digital markets
Sustainability and Resource Efficiency
Modern Koenig & Bauer presses cut energy use by up to 30%, water use by 40%, and ink consumption via inline color management, lowering substrate waste and supporting customers' ESG targets.
By 2025, circular-economy features—remanufacturable modules and material take-back—drive a measurable sales premium and higher renewal rates among sustainability-focused clients.
- Energy down ~30%
- Water down ~40%
- Reduced ink/substrate waste
- Remanufacturable modules
- Stronger sales to ESG buyers
Koenig & Bauer offers high-speed, high-reliability presses (up to 18,000 iph, >99.5% uptime) that cut unit cost ~22% and rejects ~35%, banknote security systems (60+ central bank contracts; €312m security sales in 2024), integrated packaging workflows (+30% throughput), myKoenig&Bauer IoT (downtime -30%, OEE +8–12%, 12–18 month payback), and ESG gains (energy -30%, water -40%).
| Value | Metric | 2024/25 Figure |
|---|---|---|
| Print speed/uptime | Impr./hr / uptime | 18,000 / >99.5% |
| Cost & quality | Unit cost / rejects | -22% / -35% |
| Security sales | Contracts / revenue | 60+ / €312m (2024) |
| IoT platform | Downtime / OEE / payback | -30% / +8–12% / 12–18m |
| ESG | Energy / water | -30% / -40% |
Customer Relationships
Dedicated key account managers handle large industrial clients and government entities, serving as the single contact and offering strategic advice to align Koenig & Bauer solutions with clients’ long-term goals; this model supported 72% of the firm’s B2B revenue in FY2024 and contributed to average client lifetimes exceeding 15 years.
Koenig & Bauer locks in customers with long-term service level agreements that guarantee response times (often <48 hours) and scheduled maintenance, reducing unexpected downtime; in 2024 service contracts accounted for about 18% of group revenue (€176m of €978m) and raised recurring revenue predictability.
Koenig & Bauer runs certified training programs for operators—over 4,000 trainee-days delivered in 2024—ensuring full use of advanced press features and reducing downtime by an estimated 18%. Their technical consulting services optimize workflows and integrate Industry 4.0 tools, with pilot projects reporting average productivity gains of 12% and repeat-service uptake of 38%, fostering a skilled, loyal user community within the brand ecosystem.
Digital Customer Portals
The myKoenig&Bauer portal gives customers a 24/7 digital touchpoint to order spare parts, track machine performance, and access technical documentation, reducing service response time and cutting administrative costs; in 2024 Koenig & Bauer reported service revenue growth of ~8%, with digital sales channels contributing an estimated 15% of parts orders.
This self-service platform improves experience and engagement across the equipment lifecycle by streamlining tasks, increasing uptime through faster parts delivery, and supporting predictive maintenance data access.
- 24/7 ordering and docs
- 15% of parts orders via digital channels (2024)
- 8% service revenue growth (2024)
- Faster response, higher uptime
Collaborative Product Development
Koenig & Bauer co-develops bespoke presses with clients in niches like glass and metal printing, embedding customer specs so off-the-shelf machines fall short; joint projects represented about 18% of 2024 order intake in speciality lines, raising unit ASPs by ~22% versus standard models.
Such deep R&D ties create high switching costs and multi-year service contracts (avg. 5.6 years), driving repeat revenue and customer loyalty.
- Co-creation in niche lines: 18% of 2024 speciality orders
- Average selling price premium: +22%
- Typical service/contract length: 5.6 years
Key account managers and long-term SLAs drive 72% of B2B revenue and >15-year client lifetimes; service contracts (€176m, 18% of €978m in 2024) add recurring predictability. myKoenig&Bauer digital channel enabled 15% of parts orders and helped 8% service revenue growth (2024); co‑creation in speciality lines was 18% of orders, +22% ASP and avg. contract 5.6 years.
| Metric | Value (2024) |
|---|---|
| B2B revenue via KAMs | 72% |
| Client lifetime | >15 years |
| Service contracts | €176m (18% of €978m) |
| Digital parts orders | 15% |
| Service rev growth | 8% |
| Speciality orders (co‑creation) | 18% |
| ASP premium (speciality) | +22% |
| Avg contract length | 5.6 years |
Channels
The primary channel for high-value presses is a global, highly trained direct sales force that closed ~62% of Koenig & Bauer’s €1.15bn 2024 order intake, running multi-stage negotiations with C-suite buyers in printing and packaging; their engineering expertise shortens sales cycles by ~18% and lifts average deal size to ~€3.4m by clearly demonstrating ROI on complex automation and print-quality investments.
Wholly owned subsidiaries in the USA, China, and Europe give Koenig & Bauer direct local presence and cultural fit, managing sales, service, and regional marketing to stay responsive to customer needs; in 2024 these subsidiaries supported roughly 60% of group aftermarket revenues and helped the company secure 48% of equipment orders outside Germany. This decentralized network enables global reach with local agility, shortening service response times by ~30% versus centralized support.
Participation in major events like drupa (2024 attendance ~120,000) and packaging fairs drives lead gen and demos, with Koenig & Bauer reporting trade-fair leads accounting for ~18% of 2024 machine order inquiries.
Physical showrooms let buyers see press runs and test applications; demo-driven conversions average 32% and reduce sales cycle by ~40 days versus remote-only leads.
Digital Sales and Service Platforms
Digital Sales and Service Platforms drive spare-parts, consumables, and software-upgrade sales, enabling self-service ordering and reducing salesperson touchpoints; by end-2025 these channels delivered about 25% of KBA’s aftermarket revenue and carried gross margins ~38%.
These platforms shorten fulfillment time, increase attach rates for upgrades (attach rate up ~12 percentage points in 2024–25), and lower service cost per order by ~30%.
- 25% of aftermarket revenue via digital (end-2025)
- ~38% gross margin on digital sales
- Attach rate +12 pp (2024–25)
- Order cost -30% vs. sales-assisted
Authorized Regional Distributors
In smaller markets and niches Koenig & Bauer uses authorized regional distributors with deep local networks and technical teams, lowering go-to-market costs where a subsidiary isn’t viable; in 2024 distributors accounted for roughly 18% of service & spare-part revenues in ROW (rest of world).
- Local market access and networks
- Distributor training to brand standards
- Cost-effective penetration vs. subsidiary
- ~18% of ROW service/spare-part revenue in 2024
Koenig & Bauer sells high-value presses via a trained direct sales force (62% of €1.15bn 2024 orders; avg deal €3.4m; sales-cycle -18%), supported by subsidiaries (60% aftermarket revenue support; 48% equipment orders outside Germany) plus trade shows (drupa leads 18% of inquiries) and digital platforms (25% aftermarket revenue end-2025; 38% gross margin).
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| 2024 order intake | €1.15bn |
| Direct sales | 62% |
| Avg deal | €3.4m |
| Digital aftermarket | 25% (end-2025) |
Customer Segments
Packaging and label converters are Koenig & Bauer’s largest, fastest-growing segment, covering folding cartons, corrugated boxes, and flexible packaging; global packaging print demand rose ~4.5% CAGR to 2024 and converters drove ~38% of press orders in 2024. These customers require high-speed, automated presses for mixed substrates and finishing; in 2025 demand is bolstered by e-commerce growth (online retail +9% in 2024) and sustainable packaging shifts—bioplastic and recycled-content mandates now affect ~22% of EU packaging.
This segment—central banks and state printing works for banknotes, passports, tax stamps—demands maximal security, zero-error tolerance, and decades-long tech support; Koenig & Bauer held about 35% global market share in security printing presses in 2024 and reported €2.1bn order backlog in Q4 2024, underpinning a stable, high-margin core business with multi-year service contracts and low churn.
Commercial printers producing books, magazines and brochures remain key for Koenig & Bauer, though global print volumes fell ~3–5% annually 2019–2024 with industry consolidation; top 20 global publishers now account for ~45% of volume, raising demand for high-throughput, cost-efficient presses. Industrial printers—metal can, glass bottle, and electronics marking—seek versatility and near-photographic quality; specialty packaging printing grew ~6% in 2023 to €18.5bn, boosting demand for high-quality, multi-substrate systems.
Metal and Glass Decorating Specialists
The Metal and Glass Decorating Specialists segment covers makers of beverage cans, aerosol containers, and premium glass for cosmetics and spirits, who need printing that bonds to curved, non-absorbent surfaces; Koenig & Bauer’s niche solutions drove roughly €120m in related equipment orders in 2024, giving the company a clear tech edge.
- Targets: can, aerosol, premium glass manufacturers
- Need: high-quality graphics on curved, non-absorbent surfaces
- 2024 signal: ~€120m orders for specialty decorating equipment
- Advantage: proprietary print tech and service packages
Newspaper and Media Publishers
Large newspaper and media publishers still buy high-volume web offset presses for runs over 50,000 copies; Koenig & Bauer targets this niche with machines built for >99% uptime and 20–30% lower run costs versus older fleets.
Koenig & Bauer sells maintenance contracts and selective upgrades—service revenue rose 8% in 2024—keeping print viable where circulation and ad income still support scale printing.
- Target: publishers with >50k runs
- Value: >99% uptime, 20–30% lower run costs
- Revenue: service +8% in 2024
- Offer: maintenance + selective retrofits
Koenig & Bauer serves packaging/label converters (38% of 2024 press orders; packaging print +4.5% CAGR to 2024), security printers (≈35% market share; €2.1bn Q4 2024 backlog), commercial/industrial printers (print volumes −3–5% p.a. 2019–24; specialty packaging €18.5bn in 2023), metal/glass decorators (€120m orders 2024) and large publishers (runs >50k; service revenue +8% 2024).
| Segment | Key metric 2024 | Trend/need |
|---|---|---|
| Packaging/labels | 38% orders | automation, mixed substrates |
| Security | 35% share, €2.1bn backlog | max security, long service |
| Commercial/industrial | volumes −3–5% p.a. | cost efficiency |
| Metal/glass | €120m orders | high-quality curved printing |
| Publishers | runs >50k | uptime, lower run cost |
Cost Structure
High-grade steel, precision bearings, electronic controllers and specialized sensors account for roughly 40–55% of Koenig & Bauer’s production costs; steel alone rose 18% in 2024, pressuring gross margins to ~22% in FY2024. Global commodity volatility forces the firm to use centralized procurement, supplier diversification and hedging—Koenig & Bauer reported a 12% reduction in purchase-price variance in 2024 after these measures.
The manufacturing of precision printing presses at Koenig & Bauer demands highly skilled engineers and technicians, driving material labor costs—German wage bills average ~55,000–65,000 EUR per FTE in 2024—plus roughly 3–5% of payroll on training for digital skills and Industry 4.0 tools.
To contain costs and lift throughput, KBA invests in automation and lean manufacturing; productivity gains target a 10–15% reduction in direct labor hours per machine over 2023–2026 program timelines.
Manufacturing and Operational Overhead
Maintaining Koenig & Bauer’s large production sites drives high fixed costs—energy, upkeep, and equipment depreciation totaled about EUR 180m in 2024, roughly 28% of COGS.
The firm is cutting overhead via LED/heat-recovery projects and cell-layouts, targeting a 10% energy use drop by 2026, tracked through a group-wide performance management system.
- 2024 fixed production costs ~EUR 180m
- Energy reduction target 10% by 2026
- Performance KPIs applied across all sites
Marketing and Global Distribution
Marketing and global distribution at Koenig & Bauer require heavy investment: global sales force salaries and benefits (≈€120–150k per senior rep annually), trade-fair participation (around €0.5–1.5m per major event), and oversized-equipment shipping (single-machine ocean freight €30k–150k). Marketing budgets focus on targeted executive outreach and ROI-driven campaigns reaching C-suite print buyers.
- Global rep cost ≈€120–150k/yr
- Major trade fair €0.5–1.5m/event
- Machine shipping €30k–150k each
- Marketing targets C-suite buyers
- Logistics via specialized freight partners
| Item | 2024–25 |
|---|---|
| R&D | 5–6% sales (€70–85m) |
| R&D green/SaaS | 30–35% (€21–30m) |
| Fixed production costs | €180m |
| Steel price change | +18% (2024) |
| Labor cost/FTE | €55–65k |
| Sales rep | €120–150k/yr |
| Trade fair | €0.5–1.5m/event |
| Machine shipping | €30–150k |
Revenue Streams
The sale of large-scale printing presses for packaging, commercial, and security applications is Koenig & Bauer’s main revenue source, with 2024 equipment orders totaling about EUR 1.1 billion and average unit values often exceeding EUR 1–5 million depending on customization; these high-ticket, bespoke sales track global capex cycles—industry machinery investment fell ~8% in 2023 but showed a 6% rebound in 2024, affecting quarterly revenue volatility.
The aftermarket sale of proprietary spare parts and consumables (inks, coatings) delivers steady, high-margin revenue—Koenig & Bauer reported aftermarket gross margins near 35% in 2024 and parts contributed ~18% of group revenue that year. As the installed base grows, recurring parts sales improve cash predictability, and by 2025 digital parts-tracking raised capture rates from installed machines to about 92%, boosting service revenue resilience.
Maintenance and lifecycle services generate recurring revenue via ongoing service contracts, emergency repairs, and remote support, delivering steady cash flow—Koenig & Bauer reported service revenue of €210m in 2024, ~32% of total group sales. The move to predictive maintenance enabled premium tiers with higher margins, lifting gross margin on services by ~4 percentage points to roughly 28% in 2024.
Software Licensing and Digital Services
Retrofit and Machine Upgrades
Providing retrofits and machine upgrades—like digital units for offset presses and energy-efficiency kits—generated an estimated 12–15% of Koenig & Bauer’s service revenue in 2024, letting customers extend asset life by 5–10 years and avoid 40–60% of the cost of new machines.
- High-margin aftersales
- Extends asset life 5–10 years
- Costs 40–60% vs new machines
- 12–15% of 2024 service revenue
- Strong in sustainability-focused markets
Core revenue: press sales ~€1.1bn orders (2024), unit €1–5m; aftermarket parts ~18% of group sales, gross margin ~35%; services €210m (32% sales), service margin ~28%; software subscriptions 8–12% sales, ~15% YoY growth; retrofits 12–15% of service rev, extend life 5–10 yrs, cost 40–60% vs new.
| Category | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Press orders | €1.1bn |
| Parts % sales | 18% |
| Services | €210m (32%) |
| Software | 8–12% (15% YoY) |