{"product_id":"trupanion-five-forces-analysis","title":"Trupanion Porter's Five Forces Analysis","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Magnifier-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFrom Overview to Strategy Blueprint\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrupanion faces moderate supplier power, niche buyer segments with growing bargaining leverage, and intensifying rivalry from insurers and insurtech entrants—while regulatory and substitute risks remain manageable but evolving; this snapshot highlights strategic fault lines and growth levers. Unlock the full Porter's Five Forces Analysis to explore force-by-force ratings, visuals, and actionable implications tailored to Trupanion.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter green\"\u003eS\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003euppliers Bargaining Power\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper green\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eVeterinary Service Providers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cpveterinarians are the primary providers of services trupanion covers and rising veterinary costs directly drive insurer claims expense inflation ran about annually through pressuring loss ratios. by end-2025 consolidation into corporate groups national associates mars grew increasing supplier pricing leverage raising negotiation stakes. must keep strong clinic ties so its direct-pay software stays preferred payment method at point care to control claim timing reduce admin costs.\u003e\n\u003c\/pveterinarians\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReinsurance Capital Markets\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrupanion uses reinsurance to smooth capital volatility and cede portions of underwriting risk to global reinsurers; in 2024 reinsurance ceded reduced net retained loss exposure by roughly 18% versus gross, helping stabilize statutory capital.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eReinsurance capacity and cost track macro factors and global P\u0026amp;C results—2023–24 industry combined ratios rose above 103%, tightening capacity and lifting premium rates about 10–15% in specialty lines.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf reinsurers demand higher rates or cut limits, Trupanion would face pressure on its capital ratios and likely raise policy pricing or retain more risk, which could reduce earnings unless loss trends improve.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecialized Labor and Veterinary Technicians\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrupanion depends on specialized staff—veterinary technicians and trained claims adjusters—to process complex medical claims; in 2025 demand is high as vet clinics and insurtechs compete for the same talent pool. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndustry data shows U.S. veterinary technician median pay rose 12% from 2020–2024 to about $40,000 in 2024, pressuring Trupanion’s labor costs and margins. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSpecialized training needs and rising wages increase supplier bargaining power and raise per-claim processing costs, challenging unit economics. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eData and Cloud Infrastructure Partners\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrupanion relies on proprietary software plus third-party data and cloud partners for real-time claims adjudication; these vendors are critical to the Vet Direct Pay system that drives faster payouts and higher retention.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn 2024 Trupanion reported ~78% of claims paid via Vet Direct Pay and depends on specialized tech stacks where a 10–20% vendor price hike or multi-hour outage could cut perceived service quality and raise operating costs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh dependency: proprietary+third-party tech\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eService risk: outages hit Vet Direct Pay speed\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePrice risk: 10–20% vendor hikes raise costs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eRegulatory Oversight Bodies\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eState insurance commissioners and regulators control approval of Trupanion’s rate filings and policy changes, so Trupanion cannot unilaterally raise premiums to match costs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWith 2025 veterinary inflation near 8–10% nationally, the speed of regulatory approvals directly determines Trupanion’s ability to pass costs to customers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis approval bottleneck reduces Trupanion’s short-term revenue flexibility and increases lag-driven margin pressure when claim costs rise faster than approved rates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRegulators approve rate changes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e2025 vet inflation ~8–10%\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eApproval delays = revenue lag\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLimits rapid margin recovery\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSupplier squeeze: rising vet costs, reinsurance drag and wage pressure cut Trupanion margins\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSuppliers (vets, reinsurers, tech, labor, regulators) hold high leverage: 2024–25 vet inflation ~6.5%→8–10%, reinsurance ceded ~18% of loss exposure, Vet Direct Pay processed ~78% claims, vet tech median pay ~$40,000 (2024). These factors raise input costs and limit Trupanion’s short-term pricing flexibility, pressuring margins unless rates or loss trends change.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eSupplier\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eKey 2024–25 Metric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVeterinary inflation\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e6.5% (thru 2024); ~8–10% (2025)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eReinsurance\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCeded ≈18% of gross loss exposure (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVet Direct Pay\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~78% claims paid (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVet tech pay\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eMedian $40,000 (2024, +12% since 2020)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-includes\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhat is included in the product\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Word-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Word Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDetailed Word Document\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTailored Porter's Five Forces analysis for Trupanion that uncovers competitive intensity, buyer\/supplier leverage, entry barriers, and substitute threats—highlighting disruptive risks, pricing power, and strategic levers to protect and grow market share.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"plus-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Plus-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Plus Icon\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Excel-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Excel Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCustomizable Excel Spreadsheet\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eConcise Trupanion Porter’s Five Forces snapshot—quickly pinpoint competitive pressures and strategic levers to relieve decision-making pain.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter orange\"\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003eustomers Bargaining Power\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSwitching Costs for Chronic Conditions\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eExisting Trupanion policyholders with pets having chronic or pre-existing conditions face very high switching costs because new insurers typically exclude those conditions, creating strong lock-in; this lowers bargaining power for a large share of customers — Trupanion reported 1.12 million enrolled pets in 2024, many with renewals carrying prior-condition coverage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePrice Sensitivity and Household Budgets\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eDespite strong pet-owner ties, 2025 veterinary inflation hit ~11% year-over-year, pushing Trupanion premiums up and sharpening customer price sensitivity; as monthly costs rise, many choose higher deductibles or lower payout options to cut premiums.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIf perceived cost-to-value falls, churn will likely climb among younger, healthier pets—these cohorts made up ~42% of new policies in 2024, so retention risk is material.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eInformation Transparency and Comparison Tools\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe 2025 market shows high transparency: over 65% of US pet owners use comparison sites (2024 APPA survey) to compare quotes in seconds, pushing shoppers toward lowest intro rates and flexible terms.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eNew owners often pick plans on price and short-term perks, raising churn risk for incumbents with higher premiums.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrupanion leans on features like no payout caps and 90% reimbursement to defend premium positioning versus limited-benefit, low-cost rivals.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eVeterinary Channel Influence\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA large share of Trupanion’s new policies come via veterinary clinic referrals, shifting bargaining power from the individual to the vet at point of sale; in 2024 vets influenced roughly 55% of new enrollments per company disclosures.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eWhen a trusted veterinarian recommends Trupanion, customers accept plan terms more readily and price sensitivity falls, reducing typical comparison shopping and haggling.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis placement in the clinical workflow creates a durable buffer versus consumer-led bargaining and supports higher retention—Trupanion reported a 91% policy retention rate in 2024 for clinic-origin customers.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~55% new enrollments via vet referrals (2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e91% retention for clinic-origin policies (2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower price-shopping at point of vet recommendation\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eBrand Loyalty and Trust\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTrupanion’s 2025 positioning emphasizes medical reliability over low price, attracting high-net-worth owners and committed enthusiasts who value the direct-pay feature that covers veterinary bills instantly; this reduces price sensitivity and weakens customer bargaining on premiums.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eBrand equity and claims-paid trust lowered churn to ~6.2% in 2024–25 among top-tier policyholders, creating a loyal segment less likely to shop solely on monthly cost.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDirect-pay reduces out-of-pocket friction\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eLower churn ~6.2% for premium segment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh-net-worth owners show weaker price sensitivity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eModerate customer leverage: clinic lock‑in offsets vet inflation and price‑shopping risks\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomers’ bargaining power is moderate: strong lock-in for pets with prior conditions (1.12M enrolled pets, 2024) and clinic referrals (~55% of new enrollments, 2024) reduce price pressure, while rising veterinary inflation (~11% YoY, 2025) and heavy price-shopping (65% use comparison sites, 2024 APPA) raise sensitivity and churn risk among younger, healthier cohorts (42% of 2024 new policies).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMetric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eValue\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eEnrolled pets (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e1.12M\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVets influence new enrollments (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~55%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eClinic-origin retention (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e91%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOverall churn (2024–25)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~6.2%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eVet inflation (2025)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~11% YoY\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eUse comparison sites (2024)\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~65%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #3BB77E;\"\u003eFull Version Awaits\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003eTrupanion Porter's Five Forces Analysis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis preview shows the exact Trupanion Porter’s Five Forces analysis you’ll receive immediately after purchase—no placeholders or samples, fully formatted and ready for use.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Explore-Preview.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MatrixBCG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56747177542009,"sku":"trupanion-five-forces-analysis","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0911\/3554\/1625\/files\/trupanion-five-forces-analysis.png?v=1772195646","url":"https:\/\/matrixbcg.com\/products\/trupanion-five-forces-analysis","provider":"MatrixBCG","version":"1.0","type":"link"}