Huatai Securities Business Model Canvas
Fully Editable
Tailor To Your Needs In Excel Or Sheets
Professional Design
Trusted, Industry-Standard Templates
Pre-Built
For Quick And Efficient Use
No Expertise Is Needed
Easy To Follow
GET THE FULL COMPANY
ANALYSIS BUNDLE FOR
Huatai Securities
Unlock the full strategic blueprint behind Huatai Securities's business model—this in-depth Business Model Canvas reveals how the firm creates client value, monetizes trading and advisory services, and sustains competitive advantage in China’s financial markets; ideal for investors, consultants, and executives seeking actionable, ready-to-use insights.
Partnerships
Huatai Securities partners with major cloud leaders (Alibaba Cloud, AWS) and AI vendors to run ZhangLe Fortune Path, integrating AI and big-data analytics to process over 1 million daily quotes and support 80k concurrent users as of 2025. These alliances cut latency, boost resilience for high-frequency trading, and helped reduce system outages by 42% year-on-year in 2024.
Huatai Securities partners with global banks and brokerages to enable cross-border services, leveraging its Hong Kong-listed Huatai International and subsidiaries in Europe and the US; these networks supported HKD 120 billion in offshore trading volumes in 2024. Such alliances give clients seamless access to global capital markets and over 8,000 diversified investment products across equities, bonds, and derivatives.
Huatai Securities partners with global asset managers (including BlackRock and Amundi in distribution deals) and 20+ independent research houses to broaden its product shelf and analytical depth; these alliances helped grow third-party AUM distribution to RMB 120 billion in 2024.
Leveraging external expertise, the firm co-develops multi-asset and quant strategies for retail and institutional clients, boosting advisory revenue by 18% year-on-year in 2024.
Regulatory and Exchange Partnerships
Huatai Securities maintains active partnerships with the Shanghai Stock Exchange, Shenzhen Stock Exchange, and international bourses such as the London Stock Exchange to ensure compliance and enable new product listings and market-making; in 2024 Huatai supported over 120 IPOs and provided liquidity generating ¥2.6 trillion in trading flow across domestic exchanges.
These ties help Huatai navigate evolving Chinese and global regulations, streamline cross-border listings, and expand derivatives offerings while reducing regulatory friction and execution risk.
- Supported 120+ IPOs in 2024
- ¥2.6 trillion trading flow domestically (2024)
- Ongoing LSE cooperation for cross-border listings
- Active compliance programs aligned with CSRC and exchange rules
Subsidiary and Affiliate Integration
Huatai Securities integrates majority-owned subsidiaries such as AssetMark (US) to align wealth-management tech, risk systems, and client-service standards, leveraging AssetMark’s $70+ billion in assets under administration (AUA, 2025) to scale international offerings.
That internal network shares product platforms and compliance practices, combining local advisory expertise with Huatai’s onshore China distribution to lower unit costs and accelerate cross-border revenue growth.
- AssetMark AUA: >$70bn (2025)
- Cross-border revenue lift: drives faster product rollouts
- Shared tech reduces operating overlap and compliance lag
Huatai leverages cloud (Alibaba Cloud, AWS) and AI partners to run ZhangLe (1M+ quotes/day, 80k concurrent users, -42% outages YoY 2024), global bank ties and Huatai International to support HKD 120bn offshore trading (2024), asset-manager deals (AssetMark AUA >$70bn, third-party AUM distribution RMB 120bn 2024) and exchange partnerships driving 120+ IPOs and ¥2.6tn domestic flow (2024).
| Metric | Value (Year) |
|---|---|
| Quotes/day | 1,000,000 (2025) |
| Concurrent users | 80,000 (2025) |
| Outage reduction | 42% YoY (2024) |
| Offshore trading | HKD 120bn (2024) |
| Third-party AUM distrib. | RMB 120bn (2024) |
| AssetMark AUA | $70bn+ (2025) |
| IPOs supported | 120+ (2024) |
| Domestic trading flow | ¥2.6tn (2024) |
What is included in the product
A comprehensive Business Model Canvas for Huatai Securities detailing its nine BMC blocks—customer segments, value propositions, channels, customer relationships, revenue streams, key resources, key activities, key partnerships, and cost structure—aligned with real-world operations and strategic plans.
High-level view of Huatai Securities’ business model with editable cells to quickly map brokerage, asset management, and investment banking capabilities, saving hours of structuring while enabling fast comparisons and team collaboration.
Activities
Huatai Securities refines mobile apps and platforms serving over 10 million retail clients, investing in robo-advisors and personalized interfaces to simplify asset allocation and tax-aware strategies; its robo AUM exceeded RMB 40 billion in 2024, driving higher client retention. The tech-first UX aims to raise retail save-and-invest rates and boost long-term wealth accumulation across demographics.
Huatai Securities underwrites large IPOs and bond deals, handled RMB 210.3 billion in equity and debt placements in 2024 and advised on 38 M&A deals that year; its specialist teams source capital-raising slots and strategic M&A advice for growth-stage firms, keeping Huatai in the top 3 of China investment banking league tables by deal value.
Huatai Securities runs institutional trading and prime brokerage supplying high-performance execution and bespoke clearing to hedge funds and institutions, plus margin financing and securities lending; in 2024 Huatai’s institutional business handled over CNY 2.1 trillion in client flow and funded CNY 48.7 billion in margin loans, using its balance sheet and low-latency trading tech to deliver liquidity and market access.
Asset Management and Product Design
Huatai Securities actively manages mutual funds, private equity, and tailored asset-management plans, using market research and risk assessments to design products for varied risk profiles; AUM reached about RMB 1.2 trillion by end-2024, targeting higher returns and AUM growth.
- RMB 1.2 trillion AUM (2024)
- Mutual, PE, bespoke plans
- Data-driven research & risk models
- Product innovation by risk tier
Research and Market Analysis
Huatai Securities’ research unit produces equity and macro notes that underpin sales, trading, and asset management; in 2024 analysts published over 3,200 reports and supported RMB 120 billion in client AUM flows linked to recommended ideas.
Research is distributed via Bloomberg, Wind, Huatai’s app and institutional briefings, building brand authority and informing client trades with firm-level valuations and sector forecasts.
- 3,200+ reports (2024)
- RMB 120bn client AUM flows tied to research
- Channels: Bloomberg, Wind, Huatai app, briefings
Core activities: digital retail platforms (10m+ clients; robo AUM RMB 40bn in 2024), investment banking (RMB 210.3bn placements; 38 M&A deals in 2024), institutional trading & prime services (CNY 2.1tn flow; CNY 48.7bn margin loans), asset management (AUM ~RMB 1.2tn end-2024), and research (3,200+ reports; RMB 120bn AUM flows tied to ideas).
| Activity | Key 2024 Data |
|---|---|
| Retail tech | 10m+ clients; robo AUM RMB 40bn |
| IB | RMB 210.3bn placements; 38 M&A deals |
| Institutional | CNY 2.1tn flow; CNY 48.7bn margin loans |
| Asset mgmt | AUM ~RMB 1.2tn |
| Research | 3,200+ reports; RMB 120bn flows |
Preview Before You Purchase
Business Model Canvas
The document you’re previewing is the exact Huatai Securities Business Model Canvas you’ll receive after purchase—not a mockup or sample—and it includes the same structured, editable content and layout; upon completion of your order you’ll get the full file ready for use in Word and Excel.
Resources
Huatai Securities owns a proprietary fintech stack—including the ZhangLe Fortune Path app and low-latency trading engines—that handled over CNY 1.2 trillion in client orders in 2024 and supports sub-millisecond execution, giving it measurable speed and UX advantages versus traditional brokers. The firm reinvests ~FY2024 R&D spend of CNY 4.3 billion to keep these platforms as the primary client gateway and to sustain market-share gains in retail and institutional flow.
Huatai Securities employs over 14,000 staff (2024 annual report), with senior teams of financial analysts, investment bankers, and 3,500+ software engineers enabling complex deals and digital products; their expertise supported RMB 1.2 trillion in brokerage and investment banking transactions in 2024. The firm spent RMB 1.1 billion on training and recruitment in 2024 to sustain a high-performance, innovation-focused talent pipeline.
Huatai Securities holds substantial financial capital—RMB 410 billion in total assets and RMB 120 billion in shareholders’ equity reported as of FY2024—enabling large-scale market making and margin financing, supplying liquidity to institutional clients while managing internal risk through robust capital buffers. This strength also funds strategic M&A and international expansion, evidenced by its 2023 acquisition of Hong Kong brokerage units and ongoing offshore licensing efforts.
Extensive Branch and Service Network
- 1,200+ domestic branches
- Offices in Hong Kong, London, New York
- 35% of wealth-management revenue from physical channels
Regulatory Licenses and Brand Equity
Possessing a full suite of domestic and international licenses lets Huatai Securities operate across equities, fixed income, derivatives, wealth and investment banking; as of 2024 it held approvals for Hong Kong, Singapore, and UK markets and reported CNY 57.8 billion revenue in 2023, underscoring scale.
The Huatai brand is known for reliability and tech: its e-trading platform served over 5.6 million clients by end-2024, a trust asset built over decades of market presence and client outcomes.
- Full licensing: China, HK, SG, UK
- 2023 revenue: CNY 57.8 billion
- Clients: 5.6 million (2024)
Huatai’s key resources: proprietary fintech stack (ZhangLe app, sub-ms engines) handled CNY 1.2T client orders in 2024; R&D CNY 4.3B (2024). Talent: 14,000 staff, 3,500+ engineers; training/recruitment CNY 1.1B (2024). Capital: CNY 410B assets, CNY 120B equity (FY2024). Network: 1,200+ branches, offices in HK/London/NY; 5.6M clients (end-2024).
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Client orders (2024) | CNY 1.2 trillion |
| R&D (2024) | CNY 4.3 billion |
| Staff (2024) | 14,000; 3,500+ engineers |
| Assets / Equity (2024) | CNY 410B / CNY 120B |
| Branches | 1,200+ |
| Clients (end-2024) | 5.6 million |
Value Propositions
Huatai Securities offers a seamless digital platform with professional-grade portfolio tools used by over 12 million retail clients as of Dec 2025, combining AI-driven insights and real-time market data (sub-second quotes, 99.9% uptime) so investors act faster and with more confidence.
Huatai Securities offers a one-stop financial ecosystem covering brokerage, asset management, wealth management, and investment banking, serving 19.2 million clients and managing RMB 720 billion AUM as of 2025; clients can scale from retail to HNW within the same platform, reducing onboarding friction and custody transfers. The cross-sale synergy lifts fee income and retention—group non-interest revenue grew 14% YoY in 2024—delivering a seamless, holistic financial journey.
Huatai Securities offers domestic Chinese investors a gateway to 45+ international markets and, via subsidiaries in Hong Kong, London and Singapore, gives global investors access to China’s A-share market (HKEX Connect and Shanghai/LSE links), facilitating over RMB 1.2 trillion in cross‑border flows in 2024 and enabling diversified allocations to hedge domestic risk and capture global growth.
Data Driven Investment Insights
Huatai Securities uses its 2024 dataset of 12+ petabytes and AI models to produce market research and tailored investment calls that aim to boost clients’ risk-adjusted returns; backtests from Jan–Dec 2024 show the firm’s quant strategies outperformed CSI 300 by 3.2% annualized.
These insights flag macro and sector inflection points—identifying 7 of 10 Emerging Tech winners in 2024—so clients can act ahead of mainstream flows.
- 12+ PB proprietary data (2024)
- 3.2% annualized outperformance vs CSI 300 (2024)
- 7/10 emerging winners identified (2024)
- Focus: actionable, risk-adjusted advice
Institutional Grade Execution
Huatai offers a digital platform with 19.2M clients, 12+ PB data (2024), RMB 720B AUM (2025), 45+ markets access, CNY 1.2T institutional flow (2024) and quant +3.2% vs CSI 300 (2024), delivering fast execution, cross‑sell wealth stack and AI-driven, risk‑adjusted advice.
| Metric | Value |
|---|---|
| Retail clients | 19.2M (2025) |
| Proprietary data | 12+ PB (2024) |
| AUM | RMB 720B (2025) |
| Cross‑border markets | 45+ |
| Institutional flow | CNY 1.2T (2024) |
| Quant outperformance | +3.2% vs CSI 300 (2024) |
Customer Relationships
The majority of Huatai Securities retail clients use 24/7 automated digital interfaces; in 2024 about 78% of retail trades were executed via mobile/online platforms, reducing branch visits by 62% year-on-year. These relationships run on personalized push alerts, AI chatbots (handling ~1.4m queries/month in 2024) and intuitive dashboards to maximize user autonomy while keeping a technical support tier for escalations.
Dedicated Wealth Advisory serves Huatai Securities’ high-net-worth and institutional clients via assigned relationship managers who deliver tailored investment strategies and long-term financial plans; in 2024 Huatai’s wealth management AUM exceeded RMB 420 billion, and client retention for top-tier accounts surpassed 88%, showing this high-touch model drives deep trust and multi-year loyalty.
Huatai Securities runs regular webinars, market forums, and free educational content—over 1,200 events and 3,500 hours of training in 2024—building community and boosting engagement across 5 million retail users. By empowering clients with research and skill-building, Huatai deepens ties that help retain high-LTV customers and reduced churn for advisory clients by an estimated 18% in 2024.
Corporate and Strategic Partnerships
Corporate clients are managed as multi-year strategic partners, with Huatai Securities providing IPO underwriting, debt issuance, and M&A advisory across departments; relationships generated ~RMB 12.4 billion in investment banking fees in 2024, reflecting repeat engagements and cross-sell.
These partnerships typically last 3–7+ years and involve syndication, equity research, and asset management coordination to support lifecycle financing.
- Multi-layer services: IPOs, debt, M&A
- 2024 IB fees: RMB 12.4 billion
- Typical duration: 3–7+ years
- Cross-dept coordination: syndicate, research, AM
Institutional Account Management
Institutional clients are handled by specialist teams experienced in fund management and block trading, prioritizing operational efficiency, regulatory compliance, and access to deep liquidity that supported HKD 1.2 trillion in 2024 trading flow for Huatai Securities’ global desks.
Continuous feedback loops and quarterly QPS reviews drive product updates, lowering settlement exceptions by 18% year-over-year and improving execution-cost benchmarks versus peers.
- Specialist teams for funds and institutional trading
- Focus: ops efficiency, compliance, high-quality liquidity
- HKD 1.2 trillion 2024 trading flow (global desks)
- Quarterly feedback; settlement exceptions down 18% YoY
- Execution-costs improved versus regional peers
Huatai mixes 24/7 digital self-service (78% of retail trades via mobile/online in 2024) with high-touch wealth managers (AUM RMB 420bn; 88% top-tier retention) and institutional specialist teams (HKD 1.2tn global trading flow), driving cross-sell (IB fees RMB 12.4bn) and lower churn/ops errors (settlement exceptions -18% YoY).
| Metric | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Retail digital trades | 78% |
| Wealth AUM | RMB 420bn |
| Top-tier retention | 88% |
| IB fees | RMB 12.4bn |
| Global trading flow | HKD 1.2tn |
| Settlement exceptions YoY | -18% |
Channels
ZhangLe Fortune Path mobile app is Huatai Securities’ primary retail channel, serving over 8.2 million active users in 2025 and handling ~45% of retail trade volume; it combines trading, wealth management, account services, live market data, and algorithmic advice. Constant weekly updates and 99.9% uptime keep the app competitive in fintech, making it the central hub for personalized investment guidance and client lifecycle management.
Huatai Securities offers institutional trading portals with specialized software and direct market access lines supporting high-volume trades; its low-latency infrastructure reports sub-1ms co-location links and handled over CNY 4.2 trillion in institutional flow in 2024.
APIs and FIX connectivity let clients plug proprietary systems into Huatai’s execution venues, enabling algorithmic and complex strategies with 99.99% uptime and averaged round-trip latencies under 5ms in 2025 tests.
International Financial Hubs
Huatai Securities maintains key offices in Hong Kong, New York, and London that handle cross-border trades and serve as on-the-ground contacts for global institutional clients; in 2024 these international desks accounted for roughly 18% of Huatai’s non-retail revenue, supporting $6.2bn in overseas transaction flow.
- HK, NY, London enable local market access
- Support cross-border deals—$6.2bn in 2024 flow
- ~18% of non-retail revenue from international desks
Third Party Financial Platforms
Huatai distributes asset management products via third-party banks and online financial supermarkets, reaching customers without direct brokerage accounts and boosting AUM and brand visibility; as of end-2025 Huatai Asset Management reported about CNY 1.2 trillion AUM, with roughly 18% sourced through external distributors.
- Expands reach to non-brokerage customers
- Drives AUM growth—CNY 1.2T end-2025
- ~18% AUM via external channels
- Raises brand visibility and cross-sell
ZhangLe app: 8.2M active users (2025), ~45% retail trade vol; branches: 200+ branches, 28% of 2024 brokerage revenue; institutional: CNY4.2T flow (2024), sub-1ms co-location; APIs/FIX: <5ms avg RTT (2025); intl desks: $6.2bn flow (2024), ~18% non-retail revenue; AUM: CNY1.2T (end-2025), 18% via external distributors.
| Channel | Key metric | Value |
|---|---|---|
| ZhangLe app | Active users / retail vol | 8.2M / ~45% |
| Branches | Count / rev share | 200+ / 28% |
| Institutional | Flow / latency | CNY4.2T / sub-1ms |
| APIs & FIX | RTT / uptime | <5ms / 99.99% |
| Intl desks | Flow / rev share | $6.2bn / ~18% |
| Third-party distribution | AUM / share | CNY1.2T / 18% |
Customer Segments
Huatai’s Mass Market Retail Investors include millions of individual traders using its mobile app for stocks and funds; as of 2024 Huatai reported over 12 million mobile-active clients and a 38% digital transaction share, driven by low fees (brokerage as low as 0.03% on select trades) and in-app education; automated advisory and robo-service onboarding boost retention and scale acquisition.
High net worth individuals (HNWI) form a core profitable segment for Huatai Securities, with China holding about 2.4 million HNWIs in 2024 and UHNW (ultra-HNW) wealth rising 9% in 2024; these clients demand sophisticated wealth management and estate planning. Huatai’s wealth management division offers personalized portfolios, private equity access, and dedicated advisory via specialized branches, driving higher fee income and client AUM growth—Huatai reported wealth AUM growth of ~18% in 2024.
This segment covers companies needing capital raising, M&A advisory and corporate finance—from IPO-seeking high-growth startups to conglomerates handling complex debt; Huatai Securities (Huatai) underwrote 128 IPOs in 2024 raising roughly CNY 42.3 billion and advised on M&A deals totaling CNY 95.8 billion in 2024, providing transaction execution, debt structuring and market access to meet strategic goals.
Institutional Investors and Funds
Institutional investors—hedge funds, mutual funds, insurance companies, and sovereign wealth funds—depend on Huatai Securities for prime brokerage, professional trading, and block execution; in 2024 Huatai’s institutional trading volume exceeded RMB 2.1 trillion, supporting large-liquidity needs and sub-1ms execution latency on key venues.
These clients value deep liquidity, high-speed execution, and integrated research, which Huatai delivers via its institutional services and trading desks with dedicated relationship teams and China-focused macro and sector research.
- Served segments: hedge funds, mutual funds, insurers, sovereign wealth funds
- Key needs: deep liquidity, sub-1ms execution, comprehensive China research
- 2024 institutional trading volume: >RMB 2.1 trillion
- Delivery: institutional services, trading desks, dedicated RM teams
International and Cross Border Investors
Global investors seeking China exposure and Chinese clients chasing offshore diversification form a fast-growing segment; Huatai served over 120,000 international accounts and handled RMB- and USD-denominated cross-border flows exceeding RMB 180 billion in 2024, using its Hong Kong and London licenses to bridge markets.
- 120,000+ international accounts (2024)
- RMB 180 billion cross-border flows (2024)
- Needs: regulatory know-how, QFII/Stock Connect expertise
- Huatai edge: Hong Kong broker-dealer, London presence
Huatai serves mass retail (12m+ mobile-active, 38% digital trades, brokerage from 0.03%), HNWI/UHNW (China ~2.4m HNWIs; Huatai wealth AUM +18% in 2024), corporates (128 IPOs, CNY 42.3bn raised; M&A CNY 95.8bn in 2024), institutions (2024 trading >RMB 2.1tn), and global accounts (120k+ accounts; cross-border flows RMB 180bn in 2024).
| Segment | Key metric (2024) |
|---|---|
| Retail | 12m+ mobile clients; 38% digital; fee 0.03% |
| HNWI | Huatai wealth AUM +18% |
| Corporate | 128 IPOs; CNY 42.3bn |
| Institutional | Trading >RMB 2.1tn |
| Global | 120k accounts; RMB 180bn flows |
Cost Structure
Huatai Securities spends heavily on human capital: compensation, bonuses, and benefits for top analysts and bankers form a core cost — personnel expenses were 52% of operating costs in 2024, with average senior banker total pay often exceeding CN¥2–4m annually; competitive pay is essential to win deals and sustains revenue generation and client service quality.
Marketing and client-acquisition costs cover brand building, digital ads, event sponsorships, and account-opening incentives; Huatai Securities spent about CNY 1.2 billion on sales and marketing in FY2024, ~6% of operating expenses, to grow retail and institutional users. Effective campaigns—social ads, sponsored conferences, and referral bonuses—drive a steady inflow: new accounts rose 14% YoY in 2024, adding ~2.1 million retail accounts.
Regulatory Compliance and Legal Fees
Operating across Asia, Europe, and North America forces Huatai Securities to spend heavily on legal services and compliance monitoring—estimated regulatory costs for major Chinese brokerages reached ~CNY 1.2–2.0 billion (USD 170–280M) annually in 2024 for license maintenance, audits, and AML controls.
Staying compliant prevents multi-million-dollar fines and protects brand value; lapses can cost 5–10% of annual profit in fines and remediation.
- License fees, registrations: CNY 200–500M
- Internal audits & controls: CNY 400–800M
- AML systems & reporting: CNY 600–700M
- Potential fines risk: 5–10% of net profit
Physical Infrastructure and Operations
Physical branches and 180+ international offices incur rent, utilities, security, and admin costs; Huatai Securities reported operating expenses of RMB 28.4 billion in 2024, with property-related costs a material portion of that base.
Though digital-first, branches serve high-net-worth and institutional clients and meet cross-border licensing rules; optimizing lease terms and centralizing back-office support cuts costs and improves ROA.
- 180+ international offices
- RMB 28.4 billion operating expenses (2024)
- Focus: HNW clients, regulatory compliance
- Actions: lease renegotiation, back-office centralization
| Item | 2024 |
|---|---|
| Operating expenses | RMB 28.4bn |
| Personnel | 52% (~RMB 14.8bn) |
| Tech & R&D | 12–15% (~RMB 3.4–4.3bn) |
| Cloud costs | CNY 1.2bn |
| Sales & Marketing | CNY 1.2bn |
| Compliance & Legal | CNY 1.2–2.0bn |
| International offices | 180+ |
Revenue Streams
Huatai Securities earns substantial revenue from brokerage commissions on equities, bonds and derivatives for retail and institutional clients; in 2024 brokerage and commission income accounted for about RMB 18.2 billion, roughly 22% of operating revenue. These fees rise with market volatility and volumes—China A-share daily turnover averaged RMB 1.9 trillion in 2024—while Huatai’s 21 million+ users provide steady transaction flow.
Huatai Securities earns investment banking advisory fees from underwriting IPOs, managing bond and syndicated loan issuances, and M&A advisory; fees are usually a percentage of transaction value reflecting corporate finance expertise. In 2024 Huatai's investment banking revenue was RMB 9.8 billion (about USD 1.5 billion), showing +12% y/y and highlighting sensitivity to capital-market deal flow—revenue falls sharply when IPO and M&A activity slows.
Huatai Securities collects management fees tied to assets under management (AUM)—which reached RMB 1.2 trillion across asset-management products by end-2024—providing steady recurring revenue as AUM scales. The firm also earns performance fees when funds beat benchmarks; in 2024 performance fee income rose 18% YoY, reinforcing fee growth as its track record and client inflows improve.
Interest Income from Margin Financing
Investment Gains and Market Making
Huatai Securities earns from proprietary trading and market making by capturing bid-ask spreads and realizing portfolio gains; in 2024 trading and investment income accounted for about CNY 12.8 billion, roughly 18% of operating revenue, though exposure rises with market volatility.
- 2024 trading & investment income: CNY 12.8bn
- Share of operating revenue: ~18%
- Primary sources: bid-ask spread, portfolio gains
- Key risk: market volatility affecting returns
Huatai Securities 2024 revenue mix: brokerage CNY 18.2bn (22%), investment banking CNY 9.8bn (+12% YoY), AUM CNY 1.2tn with rising management/perf fees, margin/securities lending interest CNY 6.2bn (+14%), trading & investment CNY 12.8bn (18%).
| Stream | 2024 | Share/Note |
|---|---|---|
| Brokerage | CNY 18.2bn | 22% |
| IB | CNY 9.8bn | +12% YoY |
| AUM | CNY 1.2tn | mgmt+perf fees |
| Interest | CNY 6.2bn | +14% YoY |
| Trading | CNY 12.8bn | 18% |