{"product_id":"accor-five-forces-analysis","title":"AccorHotels Porter's Five Forces Analysis","description":"\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Magnifier-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eGo Beyond the Preview—Access the Full Strategic Report\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"pr-shrt-dscr-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccorHotels faces moderate buyer power, intense rivalry from global and boutique brands, manageable supplier influence, a rising threat from new digital-first entrants, and substitute pressures from alternative accommodations—creating a complex strategic landscape that impacts pricing, margins, and expansion choices.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter green\"\u003eS\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003euppliers Bargaining Power\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper green\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eFragmented supply base for consumables\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor maintains a diverse global supplier network for food, linens and cleaning supplies, buying roughly €6.5bn in goods and services in 2024, so standardized products from many vendors dilute supplier power. The group’s scale—over 5,200 hotels and ~740,000 rooms in 2024—lets it secure volume discounts and central contracts, shrinking any single supplier’s leverage in these commodity categories. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eReal estate developers and asset owners\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs Accor shifted to an asset-light model, reliance on third-party developers and owners rose, giving suppliers moderate leverage in prime markets where land scarcity pushes room rates up; Accor reported 92% of its 2024 openings were under managed\/franchised contracts, underscoring this dependence.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eStill, Accor’s 2024 global distribution system handling 1.2 million room nights daily and a 40+ brand portfolio keeps it highly attractive to owners, balancing bargaining power and enabling revenue-share deals rather than full asset sales.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eSpecialized labor and talent shortages\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe hospitality sector faces a tight market for skilled service and managerial staff, with global hotel wage growth averaging 5.2% in 2024 and turnover near 40% in Europe; this raises suppliers' (labor) bargaining power for Accor. In unionized markets like France and parts of the US, collective agreements and niche technical skills push wages and conditions up, and agencies can demand premium fees. Accor reported €360m in HR and training costs in 2023–24 and must increase retention and upskilling spend to contain rising payroll pressure.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eGlobal Distribution Systems and tech providers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor depends on global tech firms for CRS and PMS; switching across ~5,300 hotels raises integration costs and gives vendors moderate bargaining power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor invested €250m in digital (2024) and co-develops proprietary systems to lower vendor leverage and protect distribution margins.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e~5,300 hotels: high switching complexity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e€250m digital spend in 2024: reduced supplier risk\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCo-development: more control, less dependence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMultiple capable vendors: limits unilateral price hikes\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-green-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-green-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eEnergy and utility providers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-green-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eUtility providers hold high leverage for Accor because energy is essential and many suppliers act as regional monopolies; electricity and gas price swings raised European CPI energy components by 40% in 2022–23, pressuring hotel margins.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor faces direct cost exposure across ~5,300 properties worldwide, so rising energy prices lift operating expenses and weaken RevPAR (revenue per available room) unless passed to guests.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo curb dependence, Accor rolled out Planet 21 and investments in LED, HVAC optimization, and on-site solar—aiming to cut energy use by 30% per room by 2030 and save roughly €100–150 million in annual costs (firm targets, 2024).\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eHigh supplier power: regional utility monopolies\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExposure: ~5,300 properties, direct energy cost impact on RevPAR\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eVolatility: energy CPI +40% (2022–23) hurt margins\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMitigation: Planet 21, target −30% energy\/use per room by 2030, €100–150m annual savings\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Suppliers-Box-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eAccor suppliers: scale curbs commodities, but asset‑light model and labor squeeze raise leverage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor’s supplier power is mixed: scale (≈5,200–5,300 hotels, ~740,000 rooms, €6.5bn purchases in 2024) and multiple vendors limit power for commodities, while asset-light reliance (92% managed\/franchised 2024), regional utility monopolies, tech integration costs, and tight labor markets (5.2% wage growth, ~40% turnover in 2024) give suppliers moderate-to-high leverage.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMetric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003e2024 value\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eHotels\/rooms\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e~5,200 \/ ~740,000\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003ePurchases\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e€6.5bn\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eManaged\/franchised\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e92%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eWage growth\/turnover\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5.2% \/ ~40%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_orange\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-includes\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003eWhat is included in the product\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Word-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Word Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eDetailed Word Document\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTailored Porter's Five Forces analysis for AccorHotels, uncovering competitive intensity, buyer and supplier influence, entry barriers, substitute threats, and strategic levers shaping its profitability and market position.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"plus-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Plus-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Plus Icon\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Excel-Icon.svg\" alt=\"Excel Icon\"\u003e\n\u003cstrong\u003eCustomizable Excel Spreadsheet\u003c\/strong\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-includes\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA concise Porter's Five Forces snapshot for AccorHotels—instantly highlights competitive pressures and strategic levers to ease decision-making and scenario planning.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"frst_big_letter_heading\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_letter orange\"\u003eC\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"frst_big_letter_text\"\u003eustomers Bargaining Power\u003c\/span\u003e\n\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-wrapper orange\"\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLow switching costs for individual travelers\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIndividual tourists and business travelers face low switching costs, often changing hotels with only minor booking-price differences; global OTA data shows 60% of bookings are comparison-driven (2024). With 5,300 Accor properties across 110 countries (Dec 2024), guests can choose by price, location, or amenities, pushing Accor to keep RevPAR competitive—€64.5 group-wide RevPAR in 2024—and sustain service levels to secure repeat stays.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"sub-highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003ePrice transparency through online platforms\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"sub-highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe rise of Online Travel Agencies and price-comparison sites gives customers real-time visibility into Accor’s room rates and availability; OTAs held ~44% of global hotel bookings in 2024, making the market highly price-sensitive.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTravelers can instantly compare Accor against Marriott, IHG and Airbnb, forcing Accor to match or justify prices with clear value—direct bookings fell vs OTAs by ~6% in 2023-24 in Europe.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis transparency limits Accor’s ability to raise rates without explicit value propositions; in 2024 Accor’s RevPAR growth of 8% reflected demand, not unchecked pricing power.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-2_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Image.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eCorporate and group booking leverage\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eLarge corporations and travel management companies (TMCs) secure bulk rates for employee travel, giving them strong bargaining power over AccorHotels; corporate accounts represented about 35% of Accor’s 2024 RevPAR in major business hubs like London and Paris.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThese group contracts, often multi-year and high-volume, force Accor to offer deep discounts and extras—in 2024 Accor reported corporate-negotiated rates were on average 18% below transient rates.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eInfluence of online reviews and social media\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomer power rises as guests post on TripAdvisor, Google Reviews and Instagram; 2024 data show 93% of travelers read reviews and properties with ratings below 4.0 see up to 20% lower occupancy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eA cluster of negative reviews can cut room demand quickly, giving guests collective leverage over AccorHotels’ per-property revenue and RevPAR.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor must monitor channels, respond promptly, and invest in reputation management; in 2024 Accor increased digital CSR spending by ~12% to protect brand equity.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e93% of travelers read reviews (2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eRatings \u0026lt;4.0 → ≈20% lower occupancy\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAccor upped digital reputation spend ~12% in 2024\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"product-box-orange-section4\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"title-row-orange-section\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-2.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eLoyalty program effectiveness as a buffer\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"content-row-orange-section blur_box\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAccor Live Limitless (ALL) reduces customer bargaining power by tying members to Accor’s network with exclusive rewards, personalized services, and tiered benefits, raising both psychological and functional switching costs.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe program had 72 million members worldwide by end-2024, driving higher repeat bookings and lowering price sensitivity among frequent guests, helping stabilize RevPAR for premium segments.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul class=\"lst_crct\"\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e72M members (end-2024)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTiered benefits raise switching costs\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExclusive rewards cut price sensitivity\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eStabilizes demand, supports RevPAR\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003csection class=\"highlight-box\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-icon\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/5FORCES-Content-Customers-Cart-Icon-Color-1.svg\" alt=\"Icon\"\u003e\n\u003ch3\u003eGuests wield power: OTAs, reviews, corp discounts cut margins despite Accor’s scale\u003c\/h3\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"highlight-content\"\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eCustomers hold strong bargaining power: low switching costs and OTAs (~44% bookings 2024) drive price sensitivity; Accor’s 5,300 properties (Dec 2024) and ALL loyalty (72M members end-2024) partially mitigate this; corporate accounts (~35% RevPAR in 2024) extract ~18% discounts; reputation matters—93% read reviews; ratings \u0026lt;4.0 cut ≈20% occupancy.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003ctable class=\"tbl_prdct green_head blur_tbl\"\u003e\n\u003cthead\u003e\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eMetric\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003cth\u003eValue (2024)\u003c\/th\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\u003c\/thead\u003e\n\u003ctbody\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eProperties\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e5,300\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eALL members\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e72M\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eOTAs share\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e44%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCorp RevPAR share\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e35%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eCorp discount vs transient\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e18%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eTravelers who read reviews\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e93%\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003ctr\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003eRating \u0026lt;4.0 impact\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003ctd\u003e-20% occupancy\u003c\/td\u003e\n\u003c\/tr\u003e\n\u003c\/tbody\u003e\n\u003c\/table\u003e\n\u003cbutton class=\"get_full_prdct_green\" onclick=\"get_full()\"\u003e\u003c\/button\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/section\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"container_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"text-section text-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003ch2\u003e\n\u003cspan style=\"color: #3BB77E;\"\u003eSame Document Delivered\u003c\/span\u003e\u003cbr\u003eAccorHotels Porter's Five Forces Analysis\u003c\/h2\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis preview shows the exact AccorHotels Porter's Five Forces analysis you'll receive after purchase—no placeholders or mockups. The document is fully formatted, professionally written, and ready for immediate download and use. It contains the complete assessment of competitive rivalry, supplier and buyer power, threats of new entrants and substitutes, and strategic implications. What you see is exactly what you'll get.\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003cdiv class=\"image-section image-1_new_design\"\u003e\n\u003cimg src=\"\/cdn\/shop\/files\/GENERAL-Explore-Preview.svg\" alt=\"Explore a Preview\"\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e\n\u003c\/div\u003e","brand":"MatrixBCG","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":56747353047417,"sku":"accor-five-forces-analysis","price":10.0,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0911\/3554\/1625\/files\/accor-five-forces-analysis.png?v=1772197646","url":"https:\/\/matrixbcg.com\/products\/accor-five-forces-analysis","provider":"MatrixBCG","version":"1.0","type":"link"}